Thunderbolt 4 is fully compatible with USB4, so a USB4 device in a Thunderbolt port will work as expected. USB4 won’t require support for Thunderbolt networking, Intel VT-d-based direct memory access (DMA) protection, or certification, and, while PCI Express is required initially for USB4, in time it will become an optional feature. And even that isn’t required as some USB4 ports will not support video at all. A USB4 port can only support one display with no mention of resolution minimums. Thunderbolt 4 guarantees support for one 8K display or two 4K displays. To be certified as Thunderbolt 4, a port must be capable of 40Gbps and must pass rigorous design validation, testing, and certification. Thunderbolt 4, what's the difference? Although both deliver similar functionality, USB4 allows for variations in deployment.Ĭonsider a USB4 port it can either support 20Gbps or 40Gbps and, critically, there is no requirement that devices go through certification or validation to claim a device as USB4 capable. Both can transmit data at 40Gbps, deliver up to 100W of power, audio, and video. Thunderbolt 4 is fully compatible with prior generations of Thunderbolt and USB peripherals, though you will need to account for the different connector types.Īgain, the similarities between USB4 and Thunderbolt 4 often lead to confusion. Thunderbolt 4 also works harder to keep your data safe by requiring Intel VT-d-based direct memory access (DMA) protection.Īt Plugable, we're most excited about support for docks with up to four Thunderbolt 4 ports and universal 40Gbps cables as long as 2 meters. A small requirement, but one that relieves a lot of annoyance for the end-user. Unlike Thunderbolt 3, the ability to wake a computer with the shake of a mouse or the tap of a keyboard is now standard on Thunderbolt 4 docks.
Double the minimum requirements of Thunderbolt 3. Thunderbolt 4 requires PCIe at 32 Gbps for storage speeds up to 3,000 MBps. You can see similar trends in data transfer. This gives the manufacturer more flexibility in design and build, but it also makes things very confusing for the customer. So some Thunderbolt 3 ports support two displays at 4K or even one at 8K while others only support one 4K monitor. By contrast, Thunderbolt 3 is only required to support one 4K monitor. Every Thunderbolt 4 laptop supports two 4K displays or one 8K display. At least, not at first.Ĭompared to version 3, Thunderbolt 4 requires a much stricter set of capabilities to be certified. So how does adding Thunderbolt to the mix help? It doesn't. We've already established USB was originally conceived to combat connection confusion. In theory, a Thunderbolt 3 device should be able to do just about anything a Thunderbolt 4 device can do. Both share the standard USB-C connector, and both have a top speed of 40Gbps.
Although USB and Thunderbolt have adopted the Type-C connection, what they do with it can still get a little confusing.Īt first glance, it's hard to tell the two apart.
So, from Type-A to Type-C, has USB finally achieved a universal connector? Not quite.
Type-C: The newest, oval-shaped USB standard.Mini and Micro USB: Unidirectional and typically used on smaller or mobile devices.Type-B: The mostly square connection often seen on larger peripherals like printers and USB docking stations.Type-A: The thin rectangular connection is famous for two things, being the most widely used USB type and for always being upside down the first time you try to plug it in.Over the past 25 years, USB has come in a handful of connection types:
The Universal Serial Bus, or USB, set out to make connecters more, well, universal. They were packed with teeth, and you never had the cable you needed. If you were using computers before USB, you'll remember some pretty big serial connectors.